"C" Painting and Wallpapering Trade Definitions

Trade Definitions

Calcimine – A water-thinned paint composed mainly of calcium carbonate or clay, and glue.

Calcium Carbonate - A mined material (chalk) that is used as an extender or filler for paint and caulk.

Calendered Stock – Coated paper, like that used in slick magazines, make in a variety of ground colors.

Canopy Ceiling – Ceiling decoration composed of a ceiling paper or a sidewall paper, such as a stripe. Strips of paper are cut into triangles and hung so that the apex will terminate in the center of the ceiling, producing a circular or dome effect.

Capital – Upper part of a column or pillar. Often found as a motif in wall coverings.

Casein – Milk protein used in some water-based paints.

Cast – A color effect of a slight feeling of the presence of another color.

Catalyst – A chemical that promotes a reaction without becoming a part of the reaction.

Caulking Compound – A semi-drying or slow drying plastic material used to seal joints or fill crevices around windows. etc.

Ceiling Papers – Papers containing plain, geometrical, or small diaper or foliage patterns. Designed to look well on ceiling from any direction.

Cellulose – Insoluble starchy or woody substance taken from plant. Used to form the base of many synthetic materials, such as wallpaper paste.

Cement Based Paint – A paint made of Portland Cement, lime, pigment, and modifiers; sold as a dry powder to mix with water.

Chair Rail – Topmost molding of a dado. Placed on wall a height of chair back as protection.

Chalking – Powdering of a painted surface.

Checking – Performing of slight breaks in the film that do not penetrate to the underlying surface.

Chemical Resistance - The ability of a coating to resist damage by chemicals.

Chime - The lip around the opening of a paint can into which the lid is placed.

Chipping – (1) Cleaning steel using special hammers; (2) type of paint failure.

Chlorinated Rubber – A particular film former used as a binder, made by chlorinating natural rubber.

Chroma – intensity, purity, or strength of color.

Clashing Colors – Colors that are not in harmony.

Clay - A white, mined mineral used as an extender - mostly in interior paints.

Cleaner – (1) Detergent, alkali, acid or other cleaning material; usually water or steam borne/ (2) solvent for cleaning paint equipment.

Coal Tar Pitch – Black residue remaining after coal tar is distilled.

Coal Tar Epoxy Paint – Paint is which binder or vehicle is a combination of coal tar with epoxy resin.

Coalescent - An organic solvent used in latex paints that acts as a temporary plasticizer, to aid in film formation. It helps the binder form a continuous film when applied, particularly at the low end of the application temperature range recommended for the coating.

Coating – Surface covering of paint, varnish, lacquer or other finish for purpose of protection or decoration.

Collage – Pasting technique in which pictorial images or patterns and pieces of colored textured material are superimposed on one another.

Color – Used variously to designate hues, to denote the various pigments used in different paint colors. and to describe the act of applying color to an object.

Color Retention – Ability to retain original color.

Color Run – Amount of rollage produced of a single color combination oat any one time. When the same combination is run again, it receives a different run number.

Colorant – A concentrated pigment paste or liquid used in changing the color of a base paint.

Colorfast - The ability to maintain color and not fade excessively under normal conditions.

Colorway – Combination of colors in which a design is printed. A given design is usually printed in several colorways. In a line of papers, each colorway is referred to as a sheet.

Color Code – Specific colors prescribed by OSHA to designate specific areas, plants for purposes of safety and identification.

Color Complement – One of several relationships between colors on the color wheel which establish harmonious color combinations.

Color Harmony – The use of colors compatible with each other according to certain rules, such as complementary colors. Monochromatic harmony uses shades and tints of a single hue.

Color-in-Japan – A colorant paste of pigment in Japan (a type of varnish).

Color in Oil – A colorant past of pigment in linseed oil or other vegetable oil.

Color Scheme – A selection of colors in harmony according to various patterns, used to decorate a room, area, or building.

Color spectrum – The colors composing white light when it is diffused through a glass prism.

Color Styling – Use of color to emphasize assets of design and accessories, and to minimize defects.

Color Universal – See Universal Color

Color Wheel – An arrangement of 12 colors, namely primary, secondary and intermediate, in a circle in specific order.

Combustible - Refers to any liquid with a flash point at or above 100 degrees F (37.5 degrees C).

Commercial – Refers to products factory made in quantity to serve the low-priced market.

Companion Papers – Set of two papers usually designed and colored for use in the decoration of the same room or adjoining rooms. One may consist of a large bold pattern, the other of a stripe or other semi plain effect. Both contain same scheme of coloring. Sometimes referred to as ensembles.

Complementary Colors – Two contrasting or opposite colors on the color wheel which show completeness of color by combining the three primary colors.

Compatibility – Ability to mix with or adhere properly to other components or substances.

Complementary Color Scheme – A color scheme using the complementary colors developed from one of the color wheel complements such as:

True Complement

Split Complement

Double Complement

Triad

Mutual Complement

Split Complement

Composition – Analysis; make up.

Conditioner – Preparatory coating applied to surface.

Consistency - The thickness or brushability of a paint.

Continuity – Degree of being intact or pore free.

Contrasting Colors – Colors forming a true complement on the color wheel are true contrasting colors. There are also contrasts of value or lightness and chroma or intensity within one color and between two or more different colors.

Converter – Catalyst; curing agent; promoter.

Cool Colors – Colors that are related to cool things in nature, and give a cool feeling when used in decorating.

Cornice – Horizontal molding of combination of moldings used to finish the top of a wall. May also refer to wall coverings simulation moldings.

Correlated – Refers to different types of merchandise systematically related in color and design, as paper with fabric, or series of papers designed to be used together.

Corrosion – Oxidation of metal surfaces; i.e., rust.

Corrosion Inhibitor - Any material used to prevent the oxidation (rusting) of metals. May be a paint undercoat, an additive, a pigment, or a coating applied to the surface.

Corrosion Resistant - Ability of a substance to resist deterioration due to a chemical reaction with its environment. Coatings that do this usually contain a corrosion inhibitor.

Counter Sink - A process whereby nails are pounded or screws are tightened so that they sink just below the surface.

Cove Ceiling – Ceiling rounded at the ceiling angle.

Coverage – Indicates the amount of area a given quantity of paint will cover with complete hiding.

Cracking – Splitting, disintegration of paint by breaks through film to substrate.

Cratering – Formation of holes or deep depressions in paint film.

Crystalline Silica - See Silica.

Cure – The change of a paint coating from a liquid to a solid protective film.

Curing Agent – Hardener; prometer

Curtains - Long horizontal runs in a coating film that occur on vertical surface when a coating is applied too heavily.

Custom Color - Special colors that are made by adding colorant to paint or by intermixing paints of different colors. Permits the preparation of a selected color paint at the point of sale.

Cutting In – An operation requiring skill to keep a clean edge, such as painting of a window sash.